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Keynote Speeches
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Medical
Robotics and Computer-Integrated Surgery |
| Speaker:
Russell H. Taylor, The Johns
Hopkins University, USA |
| Abstract:
The impact of Computer-Integrated Surgery
(CIS) on medicine in the next 20 years will be as great as that of
Computer-Integrated Manufacturing on industrial production over the past
20 years. A novel partnership between human surgeons and machines, made
possible by advances in computing and engineering technology, will
overcome many of the limitations of traditional surgery. By extending
human surgeons’ability to plan and carry out surgical interventions
more accurately and less invasively, CIS systems will address a vital
national need to greatly reduce costs, improve clinical outcomes, and
improve the efficiency of health care delivery. As CIS systems evolve,
we expect to see the emergence of two dominant and complementary
paradigms: Surgical CAD/CAM systems will integrate
accurate patient-specific models, surgical plan optimization, and a
variety of execution environments permitting the plans to be carried out
accurately, safely, and with minimal invasiveness. Surgical Assistant
systems will work cooperatively with human surgeons in carrying out
precise and minimally invasive surgical procedures. Over time, these
will merge into a broader family of systems that couple information to
action in interventional medicine. These systems combine images and
other information about an individual patient with “atlas”
information about human anatomy to help clinicians plan how to treat the
patient. In the operating room, the patient-specific plan and model are
updated using images and other real-time information. The system has a
variety of means, including robots and “augmented reality”displays
to assist the surgeon in carrying out the procedure safely and
accurately. The same technology will be used to assist in subsequent
patient follow-up and in enabling statistical quality control to help
improve the overall efficacy and safety of surgery and interventions.
CIS research inherently involves three synergistic areas: a) modeling
and analysis of patients & surgical procedures in order to
support more effective planning, execution assistance, and follow-up of
surgical procedures; b) interface technology, including robots
& sensors, connecting the “virtual reality” of computer models
and surgical plans to the“actual reality” of the operating room,
patients, and surgeons; and c) systems science to develop
improved techniques for ensuring the safety and reliability of systems,
for characterizing expected performance in the presence of uncertainty,
for analysis of how subsystems and components will interact, and for
system performance validation. This talk will explore these themes, with
examples drawn from our own research and elsewhere. |
| About the
Speaker: Russell
H. Taylor received a B.E.S. degree from The Johns Hopkins University in
1970 and a Ph.D. in Computer Science from Stanford in 1976. He joined
IBM Research in 1976, where he developed the AML robot language.
Following a two-year assignment in Boca Raton, he managed robotics and
automation technology research activities at IBM Research from 1982
until returning to full time technical work in late 1988. From March
1990 to September 1995, he was manager of Computer Assisted Surgery. In
September 1995, Dr. Taylor moved to Johns Hopkins University as a
Professor of Computer Science, with joint appointments in Radiology,
Surgery and Mechanical Engineering He is also Director of the NSF
Engineering Research Center for Computer-Integrated Surgical Systems and
Technology. Dr. Taylor has a long history of research in
computer-integrated surgery and related fields. In 1988-9, he led the
team that developed the first prototype for the ROBODOC© system for
robotic hip replacement surgery and is currently on the Scientific
Advisory Board of Integrated Surgical Systems. At IBM he subsequently
developed novel systems for computer-assisted craniofacial surgery and
robotically-augmented endoscopic surgery. At Johns Hopkins, he has
worked on all aspects of CIS systems, including modeling, registration,
and robotics in areas including percutaneous local therapy,
microsurgery, and computer-assisted bone cancer surgery. He is Editor
Emeritus of the IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, a Fellow
of the IEEE and the AIMBE, and a member of various honorary societies,
panels, editorial boards, and program committees. In February, 2000 he
received the Maurice Müller award for excellence in computer-assisted
orthopaedic surgery. |
Invited Speeches
To be announced soon
Preliminary Program
To be announced
Final Program
To be announced
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